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What techniques are used for beam recovery in 5G NR?
Beam recovery is essential in 5G NR to ensure continuous, reliable connectivity. It involves various techniques that allow quick re-establishment of high-quality beam connections when the existing beam degrades or fails.
- Beam Failure Detection: Continual monitoring of signal quality helps detect beam failures early, enabling quick responses.
- Beam Refinement: The system may try to refine a degrading beam's alignment to recover its performance before it fails completely.
- Beam Switching: If beam refinement fails, the system will switch to an alternate beam, choosing based on current signal measurements or previously successful beams.
- Beam Sweeping: A technique where multiple directional beams are broadcasted to establish a new viable beam path for the UE.
- Fallback to Robust Pre-Beamforming: Reverting to a less directional but more robust pre-beamforming mode to maintain connectivity when advanced beamforming fails.
- Utilizing Dual Connectivity: Leveraging connections with multiple base stations to ensure redundancy and enhance reliability when one beam link fails.
- AI and Machine Learning Algorithms: These are used to predict and proactively switch beams to avoid quality degradation, based on learning from historical data.
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